Spinal disease in our time is considered a serious medical and social problem. Every second person at the age of 30 suffers from different vertebrates. Osteochondrosis is diagnosed in 70% of the old age population.
Osteochondrosis is a chronic neurological disease. From the Greek, this term is translated as osteo - bone and chondros - cartilage.
As a result of the pathological destruction of the tissues, their elasticity and the loss of the original form are reduced. The distance between the vertebrae is reduced and the spine is deprived of a stable balance. Distinguish between lumbar, thoracic and cervical osteochondrosis.
In connection with the weakening of the intervertebral discs in the body, irreversible pathological processes may begin to develop. With a delayed treatment, such a process can lead to spinal hernia and convexity. In addition, the breakdown of the joints of the spine and the intervertebral connections may occur. All these processes lead to the formation of bone processes - osteophytes.
The causes of the disease Osteochondrosis develops according to a number of factors that depend and do not depend on a person. The main reasons are the following:
The reasons for deviation in the intervertebral sections are an asymmetrical working posture of the muscles. This happens in cases of improper heat -Up before exercise, uncomfortable poses when you wear heavy bags, improper sleeping and using too soft mattresses or pillows. Often the causes of osteochondrosis can be flat feet of the legs. At the same time, the disease of the foot does not provide appropriate depreciation during interaction with the support and all the load to move to the intervertebral columns. People with excessive body mass very often face spinal problems. This is due to the fact that the fat deposits are distributed in different parts of the body and the axis of the spine, without withstanding excessive load, it begins to deform. The intervertebral joints absorb all the excess mass and over time. The cases of disease development are very common against the background of various back injuries, overload of dynamic and statistical nature, regular vibrations along the axis of the vertebrae. Moreover, the more jewelry a person becomes, the more often he becomes the subject of such manifestations. Spinal curvature is the indisputable cause of the development of osteochondrosis. Such pathology can develop in both early childhood and later age. In school years, most people acquire certain deviations related to the spine. At a later age, these manifestations are poured into a chronic disease. In addition to the above causes, the following can be distinguished:
hereditary predisposition; smoking; intoxication or infectious disease; a sharp cessation of high physical exertion in the gym; lower meal; Age -related changes; Posture of posture during pregnancy; Adverse environmental conditions. Symptoms of osteochondrosis The main symptoms of the disease may be called back and neck pain. The severity of the symptoms depends on the severity and stage of the disease. Osteochondrosis has an extensive clinical picture. This is due to the fact that the location of the intervertebral discs is impaired, the hernia is formed, the growth of the vertebrae. All this leads to impaired blood supply, a pinch of nerves, a malfunction in the spinal cord and the appearance of fibrosis of the surrounding vertebrate animals.
With the development of osteochondrosis, the following symptoms begin to appear:
A pull or throbbing pain in the nape of the nape, neck, lower back appears; Muscle weakness is felt; When you turn your head, bark is heard; Periodic headache and dizziness occur; One experiences unexpected fatigue of the usual routine deeds, which over time flows into chronic; Tingling of the limbs, their pain and chills are felt; Sensitivity is impaired; Muscle hypotension develops; Body fatigue, including the eye. Depending on the area of the spine, that osteochondrosis is impact, the symptoms may vary. With cervical osteochondrosis, pain is felt in the hands and shoulders, the head begins to dizziness, "flies" periodically appear before the eyes. The lesion of the thoracic region leads to chest pain and the area of the heart. The lumbar region is declared as pain in the lower back, which are given to the legs or pelvic organs.
The following disorders may occur with delayed treatment:
Spinal hernia; kyphosis; convexity; radiculitis; Salt deposits in the space between the vertebrae; spinal cord stroke; limb atrophy; Leg paralysis. Treatment of osteochondrosis Osteochondrosis is treated for a fairly long period of time, about three months plus annual rehabilitation. Suicide can worsen the patient's condition and it may take longer to treat and recover.
Therapeutic procedures are performed in two areas: conservative therapy and surgery are used. In addition, the patient is prescribed the appropriate diet and general recommendations are given to maintain his or her health.
During conservative treatment, this is the purpose of stopping pain syndrome, normalizing the spine and preventing more dystrophic changes in the "axis" of a person. It is performed by the following methods:
Drug therapy Aimed at eliminating pain syndrome and preventing the inflammation of the components of the tissue spine. At the same time, the goal is to improve the work of metabolic processes.
The following medicines are prescribed:
Anti -inflammatory non -steroidal. Antispasmodics. Antioxidants. Improving blood microcirculation. Osteochondrosis medicines can be used as tablets, ointments, gels and injections. The heads based on poison by bees and snakes have good reviews. Known anesthetic ointments can be used without a medical prescription to relieve muscle pain.
Ointments are used both during the period of pain exacerbation and to prevent osteochondrosis.
To stop the pain and stop inflammation, they also use various therapeutic blockages. They help reduce muscle tonic syndrome. Among these blockade is the application:
blockade of triggering points; inside the bone; Paravertebral; Epidural. Physiotherapy The procedure is necessary to relieve severe pain in the spine and near the adjacent organs. It is prescribed during the period of drug therapy and during the rehabilitation period to increase their effectiveness.
Physiotherapy is performed using the following means:
ultrasonic effects on the spine; laser treatment; magnetic - resonance therapy; The use of low frequency currents. Physical education of physiotherapy (exercise therapy), kineotherapy This type of treatment is selected individually depending on the severity of the processes that continue, their stages and the age of the patient. The exercises were selected dosage and carefully. The purpose of such exercises is to adjust the stand, to normalize the work of muscle tissues, their flexibility. At the same time, the decompression of nerve roots is exposed and possible complications are prevented.
The procedure allows you to normalize the metabolism and nutrition of the intervertebral discs, improves blood circulation, restores the distance of discs and vertebrae, allows you to distribute the load evenly to the entire support and motor apparatus.
In addition, the following procedures have a good restorative effect:
Massage. It helps to improve blood circulation, relieve stiffness and tension in the muscles, as well as to improve the general condition of the body and the health of the patient. Hydromassage. The effect goes the same as from massage therapy, only the work of the entire nervous system is still improving. Manual therapy. The impact is directed to certain points of the bone and muscular systems. Motor activity is restored, the immune system is strengthened and possible complications are prevented. Extension (grip) of the spine. Using special equipment, the spine is adjusted. The procedure finally helps to get rid of pain attacks. With the ineffectiveness of conservative treatment, surgery is used. The surgical method is also prescribed for the most severe injuries to the spine and its nearby organs.
Any type of osteochondrosis can develop for many years in one place of localization. But at the same time, pathological processes can be formed in any part of the spine. Timely treatment guarantees a favorable prognosis and complete cure of osteochondrosis.
